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<div style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: center; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 20px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/23px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\" class=\"img_wrapper\"><img style=\"BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(0,0,0) 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(0,0,0) 1px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; MARGIN: 0px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; DISPLAY: block; BORDER-TOP: rgb(0,0,0) 1px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(0,0,0) 1px solid; PADDING-TOP: 0px\" alt=\"老窑瓷:宋汝官窑官汝窑的特点 \" src=\"http://collection.sinaimg.cn/cqty/20150612/U5083P1081T2D188962F6DT20150612143731.jpg\" /><span style=\"TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 6px; LINE-HEIGHT: 20px; MARGIN: 5px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; ZOOM: 1; DISPLAY: inline-block; COLOR: rgb(102,102,102); FONT-SIZE: 12px; PADDING-TOP: 6px\" class=\"img_descr\">老窑瓷:宋汝官窑官汝窑的特点</span></div><p style=\"ADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"> 汝官窑官汝窑分成三种,第一种是清凉寺汝官窑生产的汝官窑,第二种是汝州城内文庙汝官窑生产的,第三种是汝州城内文庙汝官窑生产的汝州新窑器。这三种官汝窑基本特征相同,但是略有差异。</p><p style=\"ADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"> 制作水平和形制清凉寺汝官窑与文庙汝官窑制作水平相近,瓷器器形规整、胎质精细。汝州新窑器质量略微差些。不过,三者形制全是宫廷用瓷的形制,与宋代其它名窑的形制有类似之处。</p><p style=\"ADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"> 胎色胎土比较细腻,呈灰白色,有如燃香遗留的灰烬,俗称“香灰胎”。清凉寺汝官窑胎色为浅灰白色,汝官窑和汝州新窑器胎色比清凉寺偏白。</p><p style=\"ADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"> 釉色传世品和出土文物中,大致有三种颜色:</p><p style=\"ADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"> 卵青:与青色鸭蛋壳相似,淡淡的蓝色,带有粉质感,有些失透。也称为月白色。开片轻浅,釉面很少见到棕眼。</p><p style=\"ADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"> 粉青:蓝中闪绿,釉层透亮。颜色比卵青深一些。开片纹路较深,往往有白色纹线。釉面棕眼比较多。</p><p style=\"ADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"> 天青:“雨过天青”之类的淡蓝色,不偏绿,釉面没有光泽。釉层厚度汝窑釉层薄而且均匀,釉面光洁,釉色纯正。</p><p style=\"ADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"><strong> 玉质感</strong></p><p style=\"ADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"> 以玛瑙入釉,所以呈现玉石般的光泽。色泽随不同的光照强度而发生变化,从早到晚观察的颜色不相同。并且会闪现若隐若现的红斑。</p><p style=\"ADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"><strong> 开片</strong></p><p style=\"PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"> 蟹爪纹或叠加式的鳞片纹。所谓的蟹爪纹,就是纹线看上去呈现像蟹爪那样的弓状。所谓的叠加式的鳞片纹,就是纹线看上去像大小不同的云母片叠加在一起,有些专家也将这种开片形容成“蝉翼纹”,也就是象“知了”的翅膀那样。</p><p style=\"PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"><strong> 芝麻钉和粉红釉线</strong></p><p style=\"PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"> 官汝窑中,盘、碗等园器全是满釉支烧,在器底可以看见细小如芝麻的支钉痕。支钉痕断面呈现白色,支钉痕排列紧靠底足的外沿。花瓶类等琢器,除了个别采用满釉支烧外,大多数采用垫烧,足端露胎无釉。胎与釉的结合部,迎光观察,略微呈现很淡的粉红色。</p><p style=\"PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"> 寥如晨星寥如晨星主要指釉中的气泡。汝官窑釉气泡明朗如珠、大且稀疏,分布均匀。</p><p style=\"PADDING-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; BACKGROUND-COLOR: rgb(255,255,255); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; MARGIN: 15px auto; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; WIDTH: 586px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; FONT: 14px/24px Arial, 宋体, sans-serif; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; COLOR: rgb(51,51,51); WORD-SPACING: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px\"> 宋汝窑胎体较薄、较轻,而现代高仿瓷器胎体较厚,较重。宋汝窑釉面棕眼较小,釉面显得匀整,而现代仿品釉面棕眼较大,釉面欠匀整。宋汝窑是细小的芝麻钉,而现代仿品是豆粒状的圆钉。</p> |
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